![]() With the exception of Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC), there is limited evidence to guide the choice or duration of treatment and expert opinion should be sought from a clinician experienced in managing mycobacterial disease in the context of HIV. Therefore it is important to determine, prior to treatment initiation, whether the organism is the cause of the disease process rather than a reflection of subsequent colonisation. ![]() This is typically in the context of very advanced immunosuppression in the absence of virological suppression with combination antiretroviral therapy (ART) and most individuals have presented with disseminated disease. A wide spectrum of non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) has been reported as isolates from or causes of disease in people living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).
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